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In 2000 world leaders shaped history by coming together to sign the Millennium Declaration, which gave birth to a set of eight Millennium Development Goals that promise to end poverty, improve access to basic services, reduce the spread of diseases, ensure environmental sustainability, and increase global partnership for development. All 191 United Nations member states have resolved to meet the following goals by the year 2015: | 
| Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger
| Targets:
| 1- Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than a dollar a day
2- Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
| Progress in Somalia :
| During the period 2000 to 2002, almost half – 43% - of the Somali population lived in extreme poverty.
The prevalence of underweight under-fives rose from 26% from 2000 to 2002, to approximately 36% in 2006.
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| Achieve Universal Primary Education | | Targets: | 3- Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling
| | Progress in Somalia | In 2003/2004, Somalia had a gross enrolment rate of 18% in primary education, which increased to 31% in 2006.
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| Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women
| | targets | 4- Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015
| | Progress in Somalia : | Girls are still poorly represented in enrolment rates throughout Somalia . In 2004, only 31% of pupils in upper primary education and another 37% in lower primary education were females. In 2003/4, the ratio of girls to boys in primary education was 54%.
In 2006, the gender parity indices for primary and secondary schools stood at 0.8 and 0.5 respectively. This indicates that for every ten boys in primary school, there were eight girls in 2006, and similarly, for every ten boys in secondary school, only half the amount of girls attended secondary school.
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| Reduce Child Mortality
| | targets | 5- Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five
| | Progress in Somalia : | Somalia has seen a gradual improvement in under-five and infant mortality rates. The country's under-five mortality rates plummeted from 211 (per 1,000 live births) in 1995 to 135 in 2006. The infant mortality rate showed significant improvement by dropping from 125 (per 1,000 live births) in 1995 to 86 in 2006.
In order to meet the pre-determined global target, the under-five and infant mortality rates need to reach 92 and 51 (per 1,000 live births) respectively by 2015.
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| Improve Maternal Health
| | targets | 6- Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio
| | Progress in Somalia : | The reduction in maternal mortality has been very encouraging for Somalia . The sub-Saharan country's maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births reduced from 1,600 during 1987-1990 to 1,044 in 2006. By 2015, these figures should reach at least 400 for Somalia to achieve this goal.
An improvement was also marked in the proportion of births attended by skilled health professionals; these figures increased from 25% from 2000-2002 to 33% in 2006.
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| Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases
| | targets | 7- Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
8- Halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
| | Progress in Somalia : | Somalia had a mean HIV prevalence of 0.9% in all zones of the country, according to a HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) sero-surveillance survey conducted by WHO in 2004. The HIV prevalence among STI and tuberculosis (TB) patients was recorded at 4.3% and 4.5% respectively in 2004.
A total of 205 clinical cases per 100,000 of malaria were reported from 2000-2002. During this period, 16% of under-fives were reported to be sleeping under untreated bed nets. A slight improvement can be seen in these numbers; in 2006, 18% of under-fives were reported to be sleeping under mosquito nets. Eleven percent of under-fives were using insecticide-treated nets in 2006.
From 2000-2002, the prevalence rate associated with TB stood at 107.
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| Ensure Environmental Sustainability
| | targets | 9- Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes; reverse loss of environmental resources
10- Reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water
11- Achieve significant improvement in lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers, by 2020
| | Progress in Somalia : | Somalia 's forest cover has reduced over the last few years; as indicated by the decrease of proportion of land area covered by forest from 13% from 1985-1990 to 12% from 1999-2003. Unfortunately, almost 99% of the country's population were reported to be using solid fuel from 1999-2003.
Access to safe drinking water was limited to an average 23% of Somalia 's population in 2002. In 2006, about 29% of Somalis were reported to use improved drinking water sources.
From 2000-2002, a mere 24% of the general population was reported to be living in permanent structures (60% in urban and 6% in rural areas).
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| Develop a Global Partnership for Development
| | targets | 12- Develop further an open trading and financial system that is rule-based, predictable and non-discriminatory. Includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction—nationally and internationally
15- Deal comprehensively with developing countries' debt problems through national and international measures to make debt sustainable in the long term
16- In cooperation with the developing countries, develop decent and productive work for youth
17- In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries
18- In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies—especially information and communications technologies
| | Progress in Somalia : | The private sector in Somalia has played a major role in sustaining the economy and providing essential services to Somalis. In addition, the diaspora contribute to the tune of about USD1 million every year.
In 2004, Somalia 's total Official Development Assistance (ODA) amounted to USD222 million, of which USD142 million came from bilateral donors, a steady increase from USD99.2 million in 2001.
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UNDP’s role in promoting progress towards achieving the MDGs
A copy of the 2007 Millennium Development Goals Report for Somalia in English or Somali can be downloaded by clicking the link on the left of this page. Somalia faces many challenges in achieving the MDGs. Persistent insecurity, coupled with natural disasters such as floods and droughts, have contributed to Somalia's stunted development and economic growth, and to some of the most dismal MDG indicators worldwide. Since poverty increases the risk of civil war and insecurity, poverty reduction efforts are vital. Without peace and security, nothing can be achieved. Somali women's lack of education and the country's cultural norms give women limited control over resources. They remain minimally represented in the government and judiciary, though this trend is slowly changing. Violence against women and female genital mutilation are still rife in the country. Only a quarter of all births are attended by skilled health personnel and 1,100 women per 100,000 live births die in childbirth each year.
Extensive deforestation in Somalia undermines livelihoods and threatens an already deeply fragile environment. Less than half the population has access to sanitation, and less than a quarter can access clean drinking water.
Programmes and interventions on a local and national basis have, however, helped progress towards the MDGs in some areas. There has been an increase in primary school enrollment, a decrease in child mortality, improvement in maternal health and alleviation of extreme poverty and hunger. In other areas, however, indicators have remained stagnant or even worsened, and some cannot be calculated at all due to lack of reliable data. Information on how UNDP's work is promoting progress towards achieving the goals can be found by clicking on the links below.
Measuring MDGs and putting them into practice
Reviving the remittance sector
Mitigating large-scale humanitarian emergencies in Somalia
Building institutions and democracy in Somalia
Building bridges of peace and reconciliation
Enforcing the law in Somalia
Strengthening justice in the country Relevant press releases
Major increase in UNDP resources for Somaliland in 2008, Thursday, 07 February 2008
UNDP and Puntland authorities review projects, Thursday, 31 January 2008
International Day for Poverty Eradication-Wednesday, 17 October 2007
Human rights a focus of Somali police training-Friday, 28 September 2007
UNDP and UNFPA Join Hands to Promote Evidence-Based Planning in Puntland-Friday, 07 September 2007
Puntland Launches State Development Plans, 10 August 2007
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Millennium Development Goals